Indonesia Conference Directory

Corresponding Author
Mirwan Ushada

Institutions
Unversitas Gadjah Mada, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Department of Agro-industrial Technology

Abstract
Environmental ergonomics is dynamic effects of workplace environment to worker productivity. Rice distribution center is a value-added agro-industrial warehouse to support supply chain. Environmental ergonomics must be designed to achieve worker ergonomics and value-added of stored rice. The research objectives was to analyze effect of work capacity, workload and workplace environment to worker productivity. The samples were the 8 (Eight) workers in a sack-opening station. Work station capacity were 131.718 sacks per hour. Research hypothesis stated productivity could be influenced by 7 (Seven) variables as 1) age; 2) work experience; 3) workload; 4) workplace temperature; 5) relative humidity; 6) light intensity; and 7) noise. Based on test of independent variables, age, workload and temperature have significant relationship. 11 (Eleven) regression models were conducted to test the variables. The best model was selected based on adjusted R Square, standard error of the estimate, and value on t statistical test. The research results indicated the best model of Hyperbolic with adjusted R square of 0.754. It can be concluded that 75.4% productivity variation could be explained by all variables while 24.6% by other cause. This results confirmed our previous results that workplace environments influence the worker productivity in agro-industry.

Keywords
Capacity, Environmental ergonomics, Rice, Productivity, Workload

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/83XdhrQacGpW

Corresponding Author
Andri Prima Nugroho

Institutions
a) Dept. of Agricultural & Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora 1 Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
* andrew[at]ugm.ac.id
b) Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 810-0395, Japan

Abstract
Tropical agriculture production is profoundly affected by the uncontrollable environmental condition. To obtain good agricultural products, farmers manage their farm to fit with the variation of weather and season. The farming managements are generally determined according to farmers personal knowledge, gained from the long-term experience from preceding years. Nowadays, climate change intensifies unpredictable weather and its unstable distribution. Consequently, conventional farming management considering the climate change factor should be considered. The farming management should face the dynamic change of weather condition as well as improve the farmers knowledge towards the implementation of precision agriculture approach. The objective of this study was to introduce an appropriate adaptation of precision agriculture technology by the utilization of information and communication technology (ICT) to improve conventional farming management in tropical agriculture production. The framework is implementing cloud technology as a backbone, which can be extended with various knowledge such as data science, plant biology, plant physiology, biophysical, and biomechanical. The appropriate adaptation of precision agriculture represented by the improvement of the conventional farming method using the technological aspect by fostering their knowledge to adopt modern agriculture empowered with Information and Communication Technology (ICT). Learning process from data-information-knowledge on the application of precision agriculture will be documented at the PA Knowledge Management System.

Keywords
precision agriculture; open field cultivation; cloud technology; smart farming; tropical agriculture

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/yVKaNwBjdm7X

Corresponding Author
Meta Mahendradatta

Institutions
1 Food Science and Technology Study Program, Department of Agricultural Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245
2 Master Programm of Food Science and Technology, Department of Agricultural Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245
* metamahendradatta[at]gmail.com

Abstract
This study aimed to obtain the characteristic of nanoparticles concentrate protein of snakehead fish (Channa striata) by addition of tween 80. The research consisted of two phases. First phase was the manufacture of nano concentrate protein dispersion from snakehead fish and second phase was the drying process of the concentrate using freeze dryer and characterization of physic-chemical properties of nano concentrate protein snakehead fish. The results of particle size measurement after using the sonication method and homogenization with the addition of tween 80 ranged from 331.6 to 353.0 nm. Based on the results of the particle size analyzer (PSA) the best value in the treatment of adding of 2% tween 80 with a polydispersity index value of 0.470, particle size distribution based on volume obtained by 2 size categories namely 101.8 nm and 449.4 nm and the average of smallest particle size ranged from 223.6 to 363.2 nm based on the results of the analysis of electron microscope scanning (SEM). The morphology of concentrate protein of snakehead fish based on the results of SEM analysis before the addition of tween 80 has abstract molecule, compact molecular structure (the molecules stick together) and the size was still in micrometer scale. While the addition of tween 80 showed that the particle structure of granules was not compact so the possibility of being broken down was still very high and in nanometer scale particle size. The physical characteristics of nano concentrate protein of snakehead fish before adding tween 80 included density kamba (0.52 g/ml), emulsion capacity (14.72%), water absorption (2.49 ml/g) and oil absorption (2.16 ml/g). After adding tween 80 the physical characteristics included density kamba (0.46 g/ml), emulsion capacity (48.15%), water absorption (0.42 ml/g) and oil absorption (2.00 ml/g). The chemical characteristics of nano concentrate protein of snakehead fish before the addition of tween 80 included, water (6.98%), ash (6.03%), fat (2.27%) and protein (85.10%). After adding tween 80 the chemical characteristics were water content (5.13%), ash (4.08%), fat (6.48%) and protein (88.28%).

Keywords
Nanoparticle, Protein Concentrate, Snakehead Fish, Channa striata, Tween

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/peB4jWFzngUu

Corresponding Author
Chalvia zuyyina

Institutions
1Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Biology Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
2Laboratory of Plant Systematic, Faculty of Biology Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
3Laboratory of Integrated Pest Control, Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Abstract
Indonesia most popular commodities are strawberries which have high economic value. The indicator quality of strawberries can be seen from level of maturity. Auxin hormones have function to encode fruit ripening genes such as FaPYR1 and FaCHS. This aim of this study to detect FaPYR1 and FaCHS genes in strawberry plants induced by indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The method used planting strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa "Crystal"), IAA induction by three different concentrations (10 ppm, 30 ppm and 60 ppm), genomic DNA isolation, quantitative testing, FaPYR1 and FaCHS genes amplification with PCR and morphological data analysis using SPSS. The results of the analysis using SPPS showed that highest yield of leaf length, leaf width, stem height and stem diameter at concentration of 30 ppm. The highest number of leaves was found at concentration of 60 ppm.The lowest morphological results were found in the control. The highest concentration genomic DNA was found in the red stage fruit with a treatment of 30 ppm and the lowest concentration was found at the white stage at 60 ppm. The results of amplification using PCR showed positive results for the FaCHS gene in all treatments and negative results on the FaPYR1 gene in several treatments.

Keywords
FaPYR1, FaCHS, Strawberry, IAA

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/7gGmTwDpyAuU

Corresponding Author
Byoung-Kwan Cho

Institutions
Department of Biosystems Machinery Engineering, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea

Abstract
Early yield estimation of tangerine is crucial to predict market price at harvesting time, which helps farmers to take precautions to ensure their minimum income. The conventional method for the yield estimation based on human eyes is inaccurate, subjective, and time-consuming. Hence, the demand for the development of accurate, rapid, and automated yield estimation methods has been increased. In this study, an advanced image analysis technique, convolutional neural network (CNN) was used to detect tangerines in the trees at the unripe stage. The CNN transfer learning model was designed based on ResNet-50 of which the last 10 network layers were modified to be suitable for tangerine detection. Images from 130 tangerine trees were fed into the constructed CNN model for training followed by validation. The model could distinguish unripe tangerines from green leaves, stems, and various backgrounds with an over 92% accuracy. The result demonstrates that the developed CNN model has potential to be used for the early estimation of tangerine yield.

Keywords
Yield estimation, image analysis, tangerine, artificial intelligence

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/k8F3xg2KQyTw

Corresponding Author
Mareli Telaumbanua

Institutions
University of Lampung

Abstract
Agricultural cultivation through precision farming systems can reduce production costs, increase yields and improve crop quality. One way to develop precision farming systems is to design pest insect traps for horticultural plants. Pest insects can damage up to 90% of plant tissue, which causes crop failure. Nowadays, many modern pest traps have a disadvantage in using a type of fan actuator in the trap system embedded in it. Fan type actuators embedded in modern pest traps are considered to be still less effective for capturing pest insects in the catchment area. In this study, the effectiveness of the percentage of capture through various types of fan actuators was calculated through microcontrollers (Arduino). The microcontroller was connected to the infrared sensor type E18-D50NK as a detector for the number of insects. The working principle of the infrared sensor E18-D50NK in this study is to respond to the microcontroller when infrared light is blocked by insect pests. The dimensions of insect pests that can be detected by this sensor are more than 1 mm. Infrared sensors were mounted around the lights to detect the number of insects approaching the light. The experiment in this study used a driving fan actuator, suction fan and fanless actuator. An 18 watt fluorescent lamp was used to lure insects into a trap. Nature of pests insects attracted to light try to get close to the lights. Sensors that detect the presence of passing insects automatically carry out the summation recorded in the data logger.

Keywords
Keywords: Arduino, E18-D50NK infrared sensor, Insect Trap, Fan Actuator

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/2JfPMjqw7THt

Corresponding Author
Muhammad Prasetya Kurniawan

Institutions
a) Department of Agro-Industrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia,

b) Department of Agricultural and Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia

Abstract
Palm oil is a strategic commodity for Indonesia because of its large role in economic and social development. Strengthening the development of a sustainable palm oil industry must refer to increasing responsibility and efficient use of resources towards a sustainable palm oil industry. credible, and transparent. This study describes the role of material and energy flows as the basis for resource use in the production of crude palm oil (CPO). Oil palm plantations and processing have tried to implement zero emission to increase competitiveness and reduce the risk of environmental damage. Data sources, quality, and uncertainty. Developing material and energy flow analysis shows evaluations in human resources, applying technology, reducing emissions, and energy efficiency are issues of relevant resources. It is important to justify and analyze critical industrial systems in reducing material waste. Derivative policy implications for production and consumption processes must be applied based on industrial output.

Keywords
material, energy, crude palm oil, transparency

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/7QqrDRCHmkcg

Corresponding Author
andreas wahyu krisdiarto

Institutions
(a)Instiper Agricultural Univesity,
Jl. Nangka II, Maguwoharjo, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta-55281, Indonesia
* andre0402[at]yahoo.com
(b)Atma Jaya Yogyakarta University,
Jl. Babarsari No.44, Janti, Caturtunggal, Kec. Depok, Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia

Abstract
After harvested, the oil palm fresh fruit bunch (FFB) has to evacuated from the field and transported to the oil palm mill. In most cases, it transported using the trucks. FFB transportation should be optimized in order to achieve the best FFB quality and minimum cost. This research was aimed to develop tools to monitor trucks as FFB transport equipment, due to there are some deviations in the field. The Development of the application using the method: business process analysis, system analysis, system design, and implementation and functional test. The application software run as an Android-based application, as a map-based application, and using location-based service. The system also runs as a web-based application and has been tested on FFB logistic system in private plantation company. It monitored the truck route and FFB loading and transporting activities in the field, as well as gave instruction to the truck driver in order to avoid the heavy queue in an oil palm mill.

Keywords
oil palm; FFB; transportation; mobile-based application

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/EZMVW2XHgB46

Corresponding Author
Hamdayanty Hamdayanty

Institutions
a) Hasanuddin University
*hamdaptn[at]gmail.com

Abstract
Bacterial wilt disease (Ralstonia solanacearum) is one of the main cause decrease of potato production. This study aimed to determine that the diversity of endophytic bacteria and phyllosphere isolated from potato tissue can suppress the development of bacterial wilt disease (R. solanacearum). Both bacteria endophytic and phyllosphere isolated from the tissue tip, leaves, stems, tubers and roots cultivated in nutrient agar (NA). Selection of potential bacteria as biological agent use inhibition test method through suspension of bacteria R. solanacearum with concentration 108 plated on NA medium, then dipped paper disc plated on the medium. The result of study showed that the diversity of the bacteria endophytic found 28 isolates. Meanwhile, phyllosphere bacteria found 13 isolates. Inhibition test results showed that of a total of 41 isolates, 16 isolates were able to inhibit bacterial wilt disease (R. solanacearum) with strong inhibition until very strong criteria.

Keywords
wilt disease, endophytic, phyllosphere, inhibitory test, potato

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/pW4MbJRmKcUY

Corresponding Author
Muhammad Burhanuddin Fauzi

Institutions
a) Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Caturtunggal, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
*burhanuddin.fauzi[at]mail.ugm.ac.id

Abstract
Fish farmers in the Yogyakarta area mention problem main cultivation fish is expensive cost commercial feed, so that independent-feed will be chosen as solution. Independent-feed still causes problems such as low stability and feed buoyancy. To do enhancement quality independent-feed with giving edible coating. Solution edible coating made with basic waste skin cassava remember production cassava in Indonesia (2018) reached 21 million tons, so more than 4 million tons of skin cassava is waste. There is starch amounting to 44-59% of the skin cassava could used as solution edible coating. Method coating used that is spraying. Data taken covering stability, power buoyancy, and texture feed on treated water use equation mathematical and t-test at 5% level with SPSS26 software. The value of t arithmetic is 4.03 which has a value greater than t table with a value of 1.717 which results in higher stability in the feed treatment than the control feed. The Texture analysis value shows the treatment feed has a lower pressure compared to the control feed because of the effect of the plasticizer layer. both of these causes the pellets to last longer in water.

Keywords
cultivating, coating, fish, feed, cassava

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/xC6vFnyQUuTk

Corresponding Author
Emiliana Kasmudjiastuti

Institutions
a) CENTER FOR LEATHER RUBBER AND PLASTICS
* emilianakasmudjiastuti[at]gmail.com

Abstract
This research aimed to determine the effect of adding sulfuric acid to the synthesis of sulphated oil from palm oil to the chemical properties of the resulting sulphated oil. The research method is the synthesis of sulphated oil from bulk palm oil, with a 98% H2SO4 emulsifier technically. The addition of H2SO4 varied with successive number of 10; 12.5; 15; 17.5; 20; 22.5 and 25% with sulphation time for 3 (three) hours. The resulting sulphated oil was chemically tested including water content, oil content, total alkalinity, saponification number, ash content, and SO3 levels are bound. The results showed that there was an effect of adding H2SO4 to the synthesis of oil sulphated. The addition of 25% H2SO4 is the best compared to other samples. Sulphated oil obtained by its solubility in water is more stable than other samples. The chemical properties of the sulfur oil produced have a water content of 6.47%; oil content of 81.28%; total alkalinity of 0.25%; and ash content of 2.77%; meet the requirements IS: 6357-1971, specifications of sulphated oil for leather.

Keywords
palm oil, sulphated oil, sulfuric acid, chemical properties, synthesis of sulphated oil

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/VqHcneytQxFm

Corresponding Author
Andi Raehana Muchlis

Institutions
(a)Master Student, Agro-technology, Faculty of Agricultural, Hasanuddin University, Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM 10, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia.
(b)Faculty of Agricultural, Hasanuddin University, Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM 10, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia.
*feranita_haring[at]yahoo.co.id

Abstract
This study aims to obtain information about the endosperm color inheritance pattern of Toraja black rice. This research was conducted by the experimental farm, Hasanuddin University Faculty of Agriculture, from August 2017 to February 2018. This study was designed using a Randomized Block Design. The color of the seed as a treatment consists of full black (the outer and inner parts of rice), medium black (the outer part and a small portion of inner part of rice), and thin black (only the outer part of rice), with 8 replications so there were 24 experimental units. The seedling were planted in a bucket, one seedling for each bucket. The inheritance pattern of full black and thin black genotypes follows the Mendel inheritance pattern with a ratio of genotype 1 : 2 : 1. Percentage of full black endosperm color has a high heritability, while percentage of medium black and the percentage of thin black have moderate heritability.

Keywords
Keywords:Inheritance, Toraja black rice, Endosperma

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/XqH9faYhDcuN

Corresponding Author
Guntarti Tatik Mulyati

Institutions
ugm

Abstract
This paper studies important factors that influence the physical workload of rice harvesters. Rice harvesting in Java, Indonesia, uses traditional and semi-mechanical harvests that require significant physical energy. Ergonomic Risk Factors (ERFs) are skeletal, muscle, and peripheral nerve disorders called Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). Surveys and observations in Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta Province, many independent variables and one dependent variable is Cardiovascular Load (CVL), in multiple linear regression equations. Respondents were worker who harvested manual and semi-mechanical methods. Age and ambient temperature variables correlate strongly with CVL manual worker. CVL semi-mechanical harvest worker are strongly correlated with age and heart rate. By F test, manual worker workload, 94.5% is significantly influenced by variables of age, smoking habits, heart rate and ambient temperature. CVL semi-mechanical workers are only 91.1%. To avoid high CVL, the age factor of workers is a major consideration. MSDs occur in the upper and lower back for manual workers, semi-mechanical workers on the lower back and both hands. From the assessment of work posture in 4 elements of harvesting, transporting was the activity with the worst posture. Ergonomic interventions are needed to reduce ergonomic risks in transportation.

Keywords
ergonomics risk factor, msds, cvl

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/NZx9fgtRYrLX

Corresponding Author
Yanis Rahmasari Putri

Institutions
Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Jalan Flora No. 1, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
*yanisrp[at]mail.ugm.ac.id

Abstract
This study aims to determine the factors that influence consumer perceptions of local black rice in Special Region of Yogyakarta (Yogyakarta) and consumer willingness to pay (WTP). Consumer perceptions and WTP need to be known in order to expand marketing and preserve the sustainability of local black rice in Yogyakarta, and can be input for producers in developing marketing strategies. Data collection used purposive and snowball sampling techniques with questionnaires and interviews with black rice consumers in Yogyakarta, namely Sleman, Bantul, and Gunungkidul Regency. The method used was descriptive analysis, factor analysis, and Contingent Valuation Method (CVM). The results showed that the majority of black rice consumers in this research were women (64%) with ages between 18-27 years. The factors that influenced consumer perceptions of black rice were quality attribute factor with an eigenvalue value of 9,365, purchasing location factor (2,980), socialization of the benefits of black rice to consumers factor (1,885), product superiority compared to white rice factor (1,502), price according to benefits factor (1,103), and packaging factor (1,065). The average price of black rice is 264% of the white rice price.

Keywords
Black rice; Consumer perception; Willingness to pay

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/6wUqtNeL2ydY

Corresponding Author
Charisma Nabila Putri

Institutions
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Abstract
This research aimed to express F recombinant protein that is clon from genes F of local isolate ND virus which can be used as vaccine candidate in order to improve the effectiveness of ND virus vaccination. Confirmation of NDV pBT7-N-His-Fusion plasmid on C1a clone is done by gel agarose 1 percent electrophoresis with staining by using florosafe DNA stain. To separate plasmid and insert that contain genes F, cutting is done with EcoRI restriction enzyme. EcoRI enzyme is able to cut NDV pBT7-N-His-Fusion plasmid through 37 celcius degree incubation process during three hours. DNA cutting visualitation is done by gel agarose 1 percent electrophoresis by using florosafe DNA stain. NDV pBT7-N-His-Fusion plasmid is express by E. coli extract in order to gain F protein. The product of protein expression is visualized by SDS-PAGE and western blot. NDV pBT7-N-His-Fusion plasmid visualization by gel agarose electrophoresis results 4643 bp band. Moreover, from the visualization of EcoRI enzyme cutting on gel agarose electrophoresis result, the researcher found two bands with different size, 4001 bp and 642 bp. After protein expression process 25,6 kDa band is seen both in the result of SDS-PAGE and western blot.

Keywords
Newcastle Disease, Fusion Protein, EcoRI, Expression Protein

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/4TfWM7FjwJEA

Corresponding Author
Fransiscus Benhardi Wastuwidya

Institutions
Departement of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia

Abstract
Mining activities have a positive impact on the economy but have a negative impact on the environment due to the emergence of acid mine drainage through this activity. Conventional acid mine drainage treatment is an activity that requires high energy and costs, so it is necessary to study economic and sustainable acid mine drainage treatment processes. The development of acid mine drainage treatment involves the use of microalgae for remediation, or commonly referred to as phycoremediation. The obstacle in the application of mine acid water treatment is the characteristics of wastewater which limits the growth of microalgae, where acid mine drainage has a high metal content, and low pH. In this study, acid mine drainage with different concentration was used as a growth medium for Nannochloropsis sp. and growth kinetic of Nannochloropsis sp. is investigated, as well as the effect of metal exposure and pH variation on the development of Nannochloropsis sp.. The output of this study is expected to be able to provide an overview of the possible application of phycoremediation as a biological acid mine treatment process.

Keywords
phycoremediation, acid mine drainage, microalgae, mining, remediation

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/z8LbX92feEj3

Corresponding Author
ARIS PURWANTORO

Institutions
1. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
2. Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
3. One Health Collaborating Center,
Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Abstract
Chicken meat is a primary source of protein which affordable for the majority of Indonesian households. The meat production increased steadily between 1.11 and 1.85 million tonnes during 2009 to 2017 period. Yogyakarta is a small city (32.5 square kilometers) but becomes popular since it has more than 150 tertiary educations and second tourists destination after Bali Island. Based on the above situation, the city has to provide high quality food, include chicken meat. The meat can be purchased either in convenient stores (mini, midi, super, or hypermarket) or traditional markets. One hundred forty nine respondents of the chicken meat sellers were recruited to participate in the study. They were selected randomly from 22 traditional markets in the city using multi stage sampling. The investigators visited the markets and interviewed the sellers based on a structured questionnaire. Evaluation of hygienic standards of the chicken meat kiosks including criteria of the hood, table, gutter, water faucet, and seller protective equipments.

Keywords
hygienic standard, chicken meat kiosk, traditional market, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/CHLJn4DYTEWd

Corresponding Author
Baharuddin Baharuddin

Institutions
a) Departement of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, 90245
* baharuddin[at]agri.unhas.ac.id
b) Agrotechnology Study Program, Makassar Islamic University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, 90245
c) Departement of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, 90245

Abstract
Efforts to increase rice productivity in Indonesia are still constrained by attacks of plant pest organisms which cause low crop productivity. Diseases that often attack rice plantations include blast and leaf blight disease. Blast is caused by a fungus Magnaporthe grisea Cav. While leaf blight is caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae (Xoo). There are isolates of bacterial that have ability to provide resistance to disease attacks on plants, one of which is Paenybacillus polymixa. Based on this study, the aim of this study was to determine the ability of P. polymixa isolates in controlling the attack of Xanthomonas and fungi Magnaporthe grisea in vitro. The research stage is a test of bacterial inhibition of Xoo and M. grisea. The inhibition zone index in the antagonist test for Xoo pathogens in MO Plus was higher than P. polymixa. MO Plus inhibition zone index 1.87 while P. polymixa is only 1.20 at 7 days after incubation. P. polymixa bacteria have the highest index in inhibiting P. oryzae, which is 57.02. While the MO Plus inhibition index is 21.12

Keywords
Rice, biofertilizer, biopesticide

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/pJjdYGHNmuea

Corresponding Author
Murad Murad

Institutions
Agricultural Engineering Departement of Food Technology and Agroindustri Faculty University of Mataram

Abstract
Start Land degradation consequence utilization inappropriate causes depreciation watershed performance. the importance of using land for conservation and cultivation requires wise handling. Tobacco gives good impact to conservation and beneficial to cultivate. Therefore, evaluation of land for tobacco is important. The purpose of this research is to determines land evaluation for tobacco plants at lombok island with divider rainfall, land slope, temperature and soil depth with geographic information system. The results of the land evaluation analysis show that 0% S1 (highly suitable), 32.2% S2 (moderatly suitable), 66.4% S3 (marginally suitable) and 0.4% (not suitable). With that result tobacco plants cultivation as land conservation can be developed in lombok island.

Keywords
Land Evaluation, Tobacco Plants, Lombok Island, Geographic Information System

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Jw8qxL6afNFg

Corresponding Author
I Made Anom Sutrisna Wijaya

Institutions
Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Udayana University, Badung, Bali

Abstract
Plant photosynthesis is strongly influenced by light, carbon dioxide, the availability of water and nutrients found in the soil. In this study, LED light combined with gambelan music Gong Kebyar was applied to pakcoy plants to see its effect on growth and productivity. The LED light that is applied is white, red-blue, and red-white-blue LED light, which is given for 20 hours from 06.00 to 02.00. Gambelan Gong Kebyar music is applied for 3 hours, from 06.00 to 12.00. Variables observed included plant height, canopy area, leaf greenery, root length, and plant biomass. The results showed that white LED light had a negative effect, while the red-blue LED, and red-white-blue light had a positive effect on the growth and productivity of Pakcoy mustard. The use of red-blue LED light with a wavelength range of 450-760 nm, combined with gong kebyar gamelan music gave the highest value on plant height (27,176 cm), canopy area (1457.59 cm2), leaf greenery (160.03), root length (23.6 cm), canopy and root wet weight (91.68 g and 5.26 g) and plant and root biomass (4.63 g and 0.42 g). It can be concluded that the use of red blue LED light combined with gong kebyar gamelan music increases the growth and productivity of pakcoy mustard.

Keywords
Gong kebyar gamelan music, LED light, growth, productivity, and pakcoy

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/GyWhJ3tZTa9L

Corresponding Author
Ifayanti Ridwan

Institutions
Hasanuddin University

Abstract
ABSTRACT Corn plants are the second most important food crop after rice, however, climate anomalies will affect the amount of production that is related to the water requirements available during the process of growing corn plants. This study aims to determine the amount of effective rainfall in one year and the need for irrigation water in one planting season, the water requirements for maize in a particular planting period and the comparison of the rate of evapotranspiration and the level of water that must be available to plants. This research was conducted from May to September at the Agricultural Technology Research Institute (BPTP) of South Sulawesi, Gowa Regency. The data obtained is then processed using the simulation method using a Windows-based application, Cropwat 8.0, from the results of the analysis with Cropwat, the results show that the water needs of corn plants in each growth phase are: Deve phase 107 mm / dec, Mid phase 132.9 mm / dec, and Late phase 107.4 mm / dec. Using cropwat can find out the amount of rain in 2014. Data for 1 year is 395.6 mm and the effectiveness of the rain that occurs is 355.9 mm so that it can give rise to how much irrigation water needs are needed in one planting period.

Keywords
Cropwat, evapotranspiration, corn, water requirements, water balance

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/UwnTRmWQYE2j

Corresponding Author
Ana Kemala Putri Jauhari

Institutions
1Chemical Engineering Department, Institut Teknologi Bandung
2Food and Agricultural Product Technology Department, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Abstract
The aim of this research was to evaluate mini-pilot scale production of lactic acid in a 2-L batch reactor through a catalytic reaction of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB). The OPEFB is a solid by-product from the oil palm industry with high cellulose content which is profoundly potential to be used as raw material to produce high-value derivative products such as lactic acid. The research methodology was conducted in three stages including pretreatment of OPEFB by using Sodium Hydroxide, characterization of pretreated OPEFB, and catalytic reaction. Overall, the results show that the yield of lactic acid produced from a mini-pilot scale was lower than that from the laboratory scale due to the lower intensity interaction and product deposit occurred during the process. The highest conversion of lactic acid in mini-pilot scale was obtained when the conversion of pretreated OPEFB was catalyzed by using PbCl2 compared to Ba(OH)2 with 84.13%-w/w and 45.28%-w/w successively. Likewise, in the laboratory scale, the highest conversion of lactic acid was also obtained by using PbCl2, which the yield was measured at 88.58%-w/w. For both catalysts which were observed, applying pretreatment by using alkaline hydrothermal method produced lactic acid whose yield was higher than that by using untreated OPEFB due to the amorphous properties of the pretreated OPEFB.

Keywords
mini-pilot scale, catalytic conversion, lactic acid, PbCl2, Ba(OH)2

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/hH9muzq3QBVG

Corresponding Author
Maya Dewi Dyah Maharani

Institutions
1 University of Jakartas Sahid, Department of environmental engineering, JL. Prof. Dr. Supomo SH No. 84, Tebet, South Jakarta 12870, mayasudarsono[at]gmail.com, maya[at]usahid.ac.id

Abstract
MODEL OF AGRO-ECO-VILLAGE BY USING INTERPRETATIVE STRUCTURAL MODELING FOR IMPROVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. Governance of agricultural waste and potential environmental problems such as pollution, damage ecosystems, degradation and depletion of natural resources in rural areas require serious attention from the Government. The purpose of the study is to formulate of Model of agro-eco-village by using Interpretative Structural Modeling for improving sustainable development. Method study of using Interpretative Structural analysis Modeling (ISM). This method uses expert judgment in data retrieval. Final results showed the consistency of the reachability of expert opinions (93-100)%. The ISM method result as the key institutional at the village is Farmer-owned enterprise or business entity belonging to the Village. The key purpose is the farm activity monitoring is driven to produce low carbon. The required changes are activities to recycle agricultural biomass resources and strengthening of the system of rural agribusiness. The affected sectors of society are the Farm Worker and Farm Tourism. As the key indicator is the increased exchange rate of the farmer, and the key constraints are the regulation of rural water resources governance.

Keywords
model, agro-eco, village, ISM

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/gXBPxnML9jaY

Corresponding Author
Nofias Fajri

Institutions
(a) Magister of System Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Gadjah Mada University

(b) Industrial Engineering, Faculty Of Engineering, Gadjah Mada University

(c)Department of Agro-Industrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Gadjah Mada University

Abstract
Food and beverages (Small Medium Enterprises) SMEs are complex industry. Many factors involve cooperation between operator, technolgy and method. Human and technology collaboration has opened new realm industry in real-world settings. in such applications, human and technology interaction plays a critical role on the overall system peformance. Digital technology is one of many technology adoptions in 4.0 era. Trust in technology is main factor that makes succesfully technology adoption. This study aims to explore individual trust factors affecting the use and adoption of digital technology in food and beverage SMEs. The constructs identified in this study are related to theories of propensity trust, technology trust and information technology trust. The study attempted to develop a model and validated it in SME digital technology adoption. The model used SEM that was undertaken using a sampel of 200 participants. the model showed the validity and the reability of the constructs which are positively correlated with individual trust for digital technology adoption in SMEs. General linier model analysis proporsed a model or trust factors that had significant releationships with adoption of digital technology in SMEs.

Keywords
Individual Trust, Propensity Trust, Technology Trust, Information Technology Trust, Human Factor

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/KcneEy3fFPhx

Corresponding Author
Gilang Kurrata

Institutions
1Dept. of Plant Pest and Diseases, Agriculture Faculty, Hasanuddin University of Makassar
2Student of Postgraduate School, Hasanuddin University of Makassar
3Graduated Student of Postgraduate School, Hasanuddin University of Makassar

Abstract
Rice blast disease caused by fungus Pyricularia oryzae (Teleomorph: Magnaporthe oryzae) has caused significant losses of rice yields in many worlds rice-producing countries. The planting of resistant varieties was initially effective in suppressing blast disease, however, in many cases, as the time goes by, the resistance becomes ineffective due to the emergence of a new race. Study on the distribution of race and genetic diversity of P. oryzae isolates can be useful in the development of resistant varieties. The aim of this research was to determine the distribution of P. oryzae races and genetic variations of the isolates collected from Pinrang District. Race testing was based on the reaction of a set of an Indonesian differential varieties. The severity of blast disease was observed seven days after inoculation using the Standard Evaluation System for Rice (IRRI, 2013). The pathogens genetic diversity was determined using specific primers, coding the fungus virulence genes Pwl2, Erg2 and Cut1. The banding patterns of DNA amplification product contained in each primer were scored with a value of 1 (there is a DNA band) and 0 (no DNA bands). A total of 22 isolates of P. oryzae obtained from five sub-districts in Pinrang belonged to 10 different races. Race 001 is the dominant race identified in 4 isolate source sites. Molecular analysis of the 10 isolates of P. oryzae with different races was found haplotype F-110 (8 isolates) and G-100 (2 isolates).

Keywords
Pyricularia oryzae, Genetic Diversity, Haplotype

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/wykrX4qeC8bv

Corresponding Author
Baharuddin Baharuddin

Institutions
a) Departement of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, 90245
*baharuddin[at]agri.unhas.ac.id
b) Indonesian Agriculture Quarantine, Makassar Branch Office, Makassar, South Sulawesi, 90245
c) Agricultural Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, 90245
d) Departement of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, 90245

Abstract
Bacterial ring rot caused by a gram-positive Coryneform bacterium C.m subsp. sepedonicus is an important disease in potato crops in the world. The disease is until now still belong to an A1 quarantine pathogen in Indonesia, although it was found in West Java since 2013. The objective of this study was to know the presence of bacterial ring rot in four potato district areas in South Sulawesi. Diseased samples were conducted from potato fields and storage warehouses in Enrekang, Gowa, Jeneponto and Bantaeng. Potato tuber samples were cutted and observed their vasiculer vessels and then isolated and grown the bacteria on NA and NBY media. Bacterial isolates were morphological and physiological characterized as well as patogenicity on eggplant and PCR test using specific primer for Cms 50F and Cms 50 R. The results showed that Cms has become widespread in four districs in South Sulawesi. The disease incidence of bacterial ringrot in these districs reached above 30 %. All of 14 isolates were obtained from the results of a standard methods for identification (EPPO, 2006) showed that the presence of DNA band size of 224 bp, which indicated positively belong to C.michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus.

Keywords
bacterial ring rot, PCR.

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/GPyCEak2urhv

Corresponding Author
Hary Kusuma Aliwarga

Institutions
a) Departement of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
b) Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia

Abstract
Accumulation of domestic organic waste needs to be processed because it can cause negative effects on the environment. Domestic organic waste can be decomposed into high value products of secondary metabolite by using bacteria like biopesticide. Composition of domestic organic waste as a substrate can affect the decomposition of that waste. This research aims to investigate the optimum composition of domestic waste and additional materials in treating domestic organic waste by using Streptomyces sp GMR-22. Composition of the waste and additional materials was determined by proximate nutrition factors of the ash, protein, fat, and carbohydrate contents and optimized by using response surface methodology (RSM). The temperature and moisture was set to 37^{o}C and 60% respectively. The response was demonstrated by the number of Streptomyces sp GMR-22 on the eight day of the solid-state fermentation (SSF) process. The results show that the highest cell number of Streptomyces sp GMR-22 on eight days was resulted from the combination of 5.25 g ash, 5.5 g protein, 1.5 g fat, and 41 g carbohydrate on resulting 2,8 x 10^{9} cells/gram of substrate. The RSM results indicated that carbohydrate and protein contents were the main factors on the growth of Streptomyces sp. GMR-22. On the other hand, ash had a low significance and fat had no significant effect. In the processing of domestic organic waste through SSF which was based on the proximate value, the RSM results can be used to determine nutrition priorities that must be met.

Keywords
Domestic organic waste; Response surface methodology; Biopesticide, Solid-state fermentation

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/YkNjfX8AwmUM

Corresponding Author
LARAS BUDYGHIFARI

Institutions
Hasanuddin University

Abstract
Thigh meat contains 7.2% fat (Dinh et al., 2011). Cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, heart failure, and stroke cause 17.9 million people to die or 31% of all global deaths (World Health Organization, 2017). The crude lipase enzyme extract can efficiently hydrolyze fat into free fatty acids and triglycerides. This study uses lipase enzyme from kentos to reduce fat and cholesterol in chicken meat. The study was conducted in April to May 2019 in the Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Biotechnology and Chemical Laboratory of Food Quality Analysis and Supervision, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University. The results of this study are the optimal reaction time for the reduction cholesterol using the immobilized lipase enzyme at 60oC for 6 hours to reduce cholesterol levels by 85% and as much as 12 hours reduced by 97%. Treatment of 50oC for 6 hours can reduce fat by 60%

Keywords
chicken meat, coconut, lipase enzyme

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/8b4j9wnAdBFR

Corresponding Author
Muhammad Tahir Sapsal

Institutions
1 Department of Agriculutural Engineering, Universitas Hasanuddin
2 Departmen of Plant Cultivation, Universitas Hasanuddin

Abstract
Rainfall data is one component that is widely used in research related to hydrology. However, the current source of rainfall data is sometimes incomplete. for that it is needed a rain gauge that is able to provide realtime measurements at certain locations. this tool was developed using the AquaPlumb water level sensor. testing is done by measuring the water level in a 2-inch pipe. The sensor is able to detect changes in surface height with a coefficient of determination of more than 98%.

Keywords
Aquaplumb, Rainfall, Soil Erosion

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/vZ6b4g3RdVCh

Corresponding Author
Pamela Nugraheni

Institutions
Departement of Biochemistry and Molecullar Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Jl Fauna No.2 Karangmalang, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.

Abstract
Molecular sex determination is an effective solution to determine sex because it can be done early in the growing phase of a bird and the results are more accurate. Molecular sex determination is carried out based on the chromodomain helicase DNA binding (CHD) gene by using NP, P2, and MP primers. The purpose of this study was to determine the sex of peach-faced lovebird (Agapornis roseicollis) by detecting the intron size of the CHD gene on the Z chromosome and W chromosome by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). DNA samples were isolated from feathers of 14 lovebirds belonging to bird owners, which was sent to the Biochemical Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Amplification of the CHD gene using PCR techniques with NP, P2, MP primers electrophoresed with agarose gel 2,5%. Visualization under UV Transilluminator with a wavelength of 280 nm produce an amplicon as long as about 300-400 bp with males showing a single DNA band (ZZ) and females showing a double DNA band (ZW). Based on the electrophoresis results, it showed eight females and six males in 14 samples of lovebird used.

Keywords
lovebird, sex determination, deoxyribonucleic acid, chromodomain heelicase DNA binding, polymerase chain reaction

Topic
Other Agricultural and biosystems topic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/CFbetMh43mp7